EDAFOLOGÍA, Vol 12. (3), pp 199-244 2005
SUELOS DE MANGLAR: CARACTERÍSTICAS GÉNESIS E IMPACTOS ANTRÓPICOS.
P. VIDAL-TORRADO1 , X. L. OTERO2 , T. FERREIRA3 , V. SOUZA JR.4, M. BÍ- CEGO5 & M. T. GARCÍA-GONZÁLEZ6 , F. MACÍAS2.
1.- Dpt. de Ciência do Solo. Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”. Univ. Sao Paulo. 13.418- 900 Piracicaba. Brazil.
2.- Dp. Edafología y Química Agrícola. Fac. Biología. Univ. Santiago. Campus Sur. Santiago de Compos- tela. España.
3.- Departamento de Ciências do Solo, Centro de Ciências Agrárias Universidade Federal do Ceará, Forta- leza, Brazil.
4.- Departamento de Agronomia - Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco. Rua Dom Manoel de Me- deiros. S/N. Dois Irmãos. Recife-PE-Brazil.
5.- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, 05508-900 São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
6.- Instituto de Ciencias Medioambientales. CSIC. Madrid. Serrano 115-dpdo. Madrid. España.
The mangrove swamps are coastal ecosystems with a great environmental, economic and social importance. The grounds of these means little have been studied, not knowing many internal aspects of their components, properties, processes and their interaction with the polluting agents who arrive at them. Studies realised in mangrove swamps of the state of Sao Paulo (Brazil) have allowed to incorporate new data and to more suitably understand the difference between soils and the sediments of these environments. The observed pedogenetic processes in the mangrove swamps (additions, losses, transformations and transloca- ciones) strongly are influenced by the biogeochemical behavior of the Fe and the S and its relation with the microorganisms, plants and macrofauna of invertebrates, able to interfere strongly in the processes and to condition the properties physical chemistries of grounds (like pH and Eh) that, as well, they most of control the especiación and biogeochemical behavior of the present elements with high contents of organic matter soils there are inherited minerals, of marine or continental systems, and transformed and neoformed others. Finally, the anthropic impacts are discussed that they undergo these ecosystems by contamination with do- mestic residues, heavy metals, petroleum spills and the adverse effects of the carcinocultura.