EDAFOLOGIA, Vol. 10 (2), pp. 119-125, 2003

REVEGETACIÓN ARBUSTIVA Y ENMIENDA ORGÁNICA COMO ELEMENTOS DE PROTECCIÓN DEL SUELO Y DE CONTROL DE LA EROSIÓN HÍDRICA. ENSAYOS DE LLUVIA SIMULADA

M.J. MARQUÉS, L. JIMÉNEZ, N. ALONSO-BLÁZQUEZ, P. GARCÍA-ESTRÍNGANA, R. PÉREZ-RODRÍGUEZ, C. DÍEZ-MAYÁNS, R. BIENES
Dpto. Investigación en Desarrollo Rural. Instituto Madrileño de Investigación Agraria y Alimentaria (IMIA).Ctra. N-II km 38,2. 28800-Alcalá de Henares, Madrid. e-mail: mjose.mar- [email protected]

Abstract

The effect of revegetation with Atriplex halimus (Chenopodiaceae) and the application of different dose of sewage sludges (8, 15 and 20 tha-1) in degraded soils was evaluated. 36 erosion plots have been used on gypsyc soils in the south of the Community of Madrid. A system for simulated rain- fall was used getting an intensity equivalent to a 100 mm/hour.
The next conclusions have been verified: i) the positive effect of the organic contribution on vegeta- tion: for the biggest dose, the height is quadrupled and the covered surface is duplicated in comparison with the control (5,9 cm and 39% respectively); ii) a runoff and sediment decrease (51% and 41% less respectively) when shrubs are present; iii) for the high dose of sludge, the ammonium concentration in the runoff can overcome the limit of 1 mgl-1 that would imply risk of diffuse contamination.

Key words: revegetation, hydric erosion, composted sewage sludge, nonpoint source pollution, simulated rainfall, soil reclamation.